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IB Mathematics: Applications and Interpretation HL · 13.2: Probability Distributions · 13.2.1
Name Date
Discrete random variables and distribution tables Problem set A
Show the working. Write each distribution as a table and check that the probabilities add to 1. Give decimals exactly or to 3 significant figures.
Difficulty: first skills applying them stretch
Skills
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A biased coin lands heads with probability 0.7. It is tossed twice. X is the number of heads.
- (a) Write the probability distribution of X as a table.
- (b) Find P(X ≥ 1).
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A fair 10-sided die has faces numbered 1 to 10. It is rolled once and X is the number shown.
- (a) Write down P(X = x) for each score.
- (b) Find P(X ≥ 8).
- (c) Find P(3 ≤ X ≤ 6).
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The table shows the probability distribution of X, the number of cars owned by a household.
- (a) Find the value of k.
- (b) Find P(X ≤ 1).
- (c) Find P(X ≥ 3).
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The probability that Sam cycles to school on any one day is 0.6. The days are independent. X is the number of days he cycles in a three-day school week.
- (a) Write the probability distribution of X as a table.
- (b) Find P(X ≥ 2).
In context
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A bag holds 5 red counters and 4 white counters. Two counters are taken at random without replacement. X is the number of red counters taken.
- (a) Write the probability distribution of X as a table.
- (b) Find P(X ≥ 1).
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A fair four-sided die has faces numbered 1 to 4. It is rolled three times and X is the number of times a 3 is rolled.
- (a) Write the probability distribution of X as a table.
- (b) Find P(X ≥ 1).
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The table shows the probability distribution of G, the number of goals a team scores in a match.
- (a) Find the value of k.
- (b) Find P(G ≥ 2).
- (c) Find P(G ≥ 3 | G ≥ 2).
Stretch
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A discrete random variable X has the distribution shown, where k is a constant.
- (a) Show that k² + 3k − 0.64 = 0.
- (b) Use your calculator to solve this equation and state the value of k.
- (c) Find P(X ≥ 3).
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A box holds 4 red pencils and 3 blue pencils. Three pencils are taken at random without replacement. X is the number of red pencils taken.
- (a) Write the probability distribution of X as a table.
- (b) Find P(X ≥ 1).
- (c) Find P(X = 2 | X ≥ 1).
jmaths.xyz · AI HL · 13.2.1 Discrete random variables and distribution tables