The Applications and Interpretation Higher Level course, in teaching order: a prerequisites unit, the fifteen units shared with Standard Level and nine Higher Level units.
These units are ready here. Prerequisites & Foundations is still in the lessons. More units will appear here as they are finished.
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Sequences & Series Arithmetic and geometric sequences, sigma notation, financial applications and time value of money. 12.1.1 Arithmetic Sequences12.1.2 Arithmetic Series12.1.3 Geometric Sequences12.1.4 Series & Sigma Notation12.1.5 Geometric Series12.1.6 Mixed Practice & Exam Prep12.1.7 Infinite geometric series: the sum to infinity12.1.8 Infinite series: the range of x, r and the first term12.1.9 Infinite series in context: bouncing balls and nested squares12.1.10 Sequences and series: revision12.1.11 Unit review 0 of 120 skills done
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Finance Compound interest, depreciation, annuities and amortization, with approximation and percentage error. 12.2.1 Finance Solver: compound interest and depreciation12.2.2 Amortisation and annuities12.2.3 When PpY ≠ CpY12.2.4 Rounding and percentage error 0 of 58 skills done
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Functions Introduction to functions, domain and range, inverses, graphing and systems of equations. 12.5.1 Function notation, domain and range12.5.2 Key features and models of graphs12.5.3 Composite functions12.5.4 Inverse functions12.5.5 Translations of graphs12.5.6 Stretches and reflections12.5.7 Composite transformations12.5.8 Closest point on a graph12.5.9 Review: the approach model and graph transformations12.5.10 Unit review 0 of 45 skills done
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Solving Equations with Technology Systems of linear equations and polynomial equations, solved on the GDC. 12.4.1 Solving systems of equations12.4.2 Modelling with systems of equations12.4.3 Polynomial equations with the solver12.4.4 Solving and forming polynomial equations12.4.5 Graphs of polynomial equations12.4.6 Where two graphs meet12.4.7 Mixed practice: equations and systems12.4.8 Unit review 0 of 45 skills done
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Mathematical Models Linear, quadratic, exponential, cubic and sinusoidal models with GDC applications. 12.7.1 Linear, quadratic, cubic, variation and exponential models12.7.2 Exponential models, half-life and logarithmic models12.7.3 Sinusoidal models: Ferris wheels, tides and daylight12.7.4 Sinusoidal and logistic models12.7.5 Piecewise models and continuity12.7.6 Mixed modelling practice12.7.7 Unit review 0 of 36 skills done
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Coordinate Geometry Straight lines in two dimensions and three-dimensional coordinate geometry. 12.3.1 3D coordinates: distance and midpoint12.3.2 Straight lines: gradient, parallel and perpendicular 0 of 20 skills done
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Geometry & Trigonometry 3D trigonometry, sine and cosine rules, radians, unit circle and sector calculations. 12.10.1 Right-angled trigonometry and angles between lines12.10.2 Sine rule and cosine rule12.10.3 Area of a triangle12.10.4 Mixed practice: rules of trigonometry12.10.5 Angles in 3D shapes12.10.6 Bearings12.10.7 Angles of elevation and depression12.10.8 Applications of trigonometry: 3D, bearings, elevation12.10.9 Volumes and surface areas of solids12.10.10 Radians and degrees12.10.11 The unit circle and trigonometric equations12.10.12 Arc length and sector area12.10.13 The sine rule: the ambiguous case12.10.14 Grazing goat problems: sectors round a shed12.10.15 Grazing goat problems: sector and triangle area12.10.16 Unit review 0 of 79 skills done
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Exponents & Logarithms Exponential expressions, logarithms, log laws and logarithmic scales. 12.6.1 Laws of exponents: negative and fractional indices12.6.2 Logarithms and solving exponential and log equations12.6.3 Mixed exponent and logarithm practice12.6.4 Logarithmic scales on graphs12.6.5 Unit review 0 of 42 skills done
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Graph Theory Graphs, trees, algorithms, adjacency matrices and optimisation problems. AHL 1.1 What is a graph? Vertices, edges and treesAHL 1.2 Adjacency matrices and degreeAHL 1.3 Walks, trails, paths, circuits and cyclesAHL 1.4 Counting walks with powers of the adjacency matrixAHL 1.5 Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphsAHL 1.6 Weighted graphs and shortest routesAHL 1.7 Random walks, transition matrices and page rankAHL 1.8 Minimum spanning trees: Kruskal's algorithmAHL 1.9 Minimum spanning trees: Prim's algorithmAHL 1.10 The Chinese postman problemAHL 1.11 The travelling salesman: nearest neighbourAHL 1.12 Travelling salesman: bounds and practical problemsAHL 1.13 Exam practice: the whole unitAHL 1.14 Unit review 0 of 43 skills done
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Voronoi Diagrams Voronoi diagrams, perpendicular bisectors, nearest neighbour interpolation. 12.8.1 Voronoi diagrams in the real world12.8.2 Equation of a perpendicular bisector12.8.3 Sites, cells, edges and vertices12.8.4 Adding a site: the incremental algorithm12.8.5 Nearest neighbour interpolation12.8.6 The toxic waste dump problem12.8.7 Unit review 0 of 19 skills done
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Differentiation Introduction to differentiation, power rule, tangents, normals and optimisation. 12.9.1 Gradient, increasing and decreasing12.9.2 From the graph of f to the graph of f′12.9.3 From the graph of f′ back to f12.9.4 Sketching f and f' from graphs12.9.5 Differentiating powers of x12.9.6 Expanding, splitting fractions and increasing or decreasing12.9.7 Gradient at a point and where the gradient equals a value12.9.8 Equation of a tangent and of a normal12.9.9 Tangents, normals and gradient with technology12.9.10 Harder tangent and normal problems12.9.11 Stationary points: where the gradient is zero12.9.12 Maximum and minimum points on a domain12.9.13 Optimisation in context12.9.14 Unit review 0 of 48 skills done
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Integration Anti-derivatives, trapezium rule and integrals as accumulation. 13.5.1 Distance as area under a speed-time graph13.5.2 Anti-differentiation: reversing the power rule13.5.3 Expanding, splitting fractions and boundary conditions13.5.4 Definite integrals and area under a curve13.5.5 Accumulation: rate in, amount out13.5.6 Unit mixed practice: areas, rates and accumulation13.5.7 The trapezium rule13.5.8 The trapezium rule with data, and its error13.5.9 Unit review 0 of 42 skills done
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Further Derivatives Chain rule, product/quotient rules, related rates, concavity and stationary points. AHL 2.1 Differentiating powers, trig, e^x and ln xAHL 2.2 Tangents, normals and gradient problemsAHL 2.3 The chain ruleAHL 2.4 The product and quotient rulesAHL 2.5 Related rates with the chain ruleAHL 2.6 Related rates: ladders, cones and circlesAHL 2.7 The second derivative and concavityAHL 2.8 Classifying stationary points and inflectionAHL 2.9 Kinematics: displacement, velocity and accelerationAHL 2.10 Mixed practice: stationary points, concavity and modelsAHL 2.11 Derivatives: exam-style practiceAHL 2.12 Unit review 0 of 69 skills done
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Further Integration Integration techniques, areas, volumes of revolution and kinematics. AHL 3.1 Integrating powers and standard functionsAHL 3.2 Integrating f(ax+b) and by inspectionAHL 3.3 Further integration: substitution and boundary conditionsAHL 3.4 Definite integrals by hand and with the calculatorAHL 3.5 Area between a curve and the x-axisAHL 3.6 Mixed practice: definite integrals and areasAHL 3.7 Area between a curve and the y-axisAHL 3.8 Volumes of revolution about the x-axisAHL 3.9 Volumes of revolution about the y-axisAHL 3.10 Harder volumes and areas of revolutionAHL 3.11 Integration by substitutionAHL 3.12 Integrals under transformations of the graphAHL 3.13 Exam practice: transformations, areas and volumesAHL 3.14 Unit review 0 of 78 skills done
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Statistics Data types, central tendency, dispersion, histograms and regression. 13.3.1 Data, sampling and averages13.3.2 Spread and standard deviation13.3.3 Changing every value13.3.4 Quartiles, box plots and outliers13.3.5 Histograms and cumulative frequency graphs13.3.6 Scatter diagrams and correlation13.3.7 Linear regression and prediction13.3.8 Spearman's rank correlation and comparison with Pearson's r13.3.9 Statistics review: exam questions13.3.10 Unit review 0 of 44 skills done
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Probability Tree diagrams, Venn diagrams, two-way tables and conditional probability. 13.1.1 Theoretical and experimental probability13.1.2 Venn diagrams for probability13.1.3 Tree diagrams and sample spaces13.1.4 Probability from two-way tables13.1.5 Combined events and mutually exclusive events13.1.6 Conditional probability13.1.7 Independent events13.1.8 Mixed practice: choosing the right tool13.1.9 Probability review: the boy or girl problem13.1.10 Unit review 0 of 48 skills done
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Probability Distributions Discrete random variables, binomial and normal distributions. 13.2.1 Discrete random variables and distribution tables13.2.2 Expected value of a discrete random variable13.2.3 Fair games and further distributions13.2.4 The binomial distribution13.2.5 Binomial probabilities with the calculator13.2.6 Mean, variance and binomial practice13.2.7 The normal distribution: properties and when it is a good model13.2.8 Normal probability calculations with the GDC13.2.9 Inverse normal calculations and normal practice13.2.10 The Poisson distribution and its conditions13.2.11 Poisson probabilities, mean and variance, and rescaling the rate13.2.12 The sum of two independent Poisson variables13.2.13 Mixed practice: Poisson distribution13.2.14 Distributions review: chapter 8 checklist and short quiz13.2.15 Unit review 0 of 64 skills done
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Hypothesis Testing Chi-squared tests, t-tests and Spearman's rank correlation. 13.4.1 What a hypothesis test is13.4.2 Chi-squared goodness of fit13.4.3 Testing the fit of a model13.4.4 Chi-squared test for independence13.4.5 One-sample t-test for a mean13.4.6 Two-sample pooled t-test13.4.7 Spearman's rank correlation13.4.8 Combining categories in a chi-squared test13.4.9 Goodness of fit when parameters are estimated13.4.10 Testing a mean: z-test or t-test13.4.11 Critical values and critical regions for a test of a mean13.4.12 Two-sample tests for means: z and pooled t13.4.13 The paired-sample t-test13.4.14 Hypothesis tests for a mean: mixed practice13.4.15 Testing a proportion: the binomial test13.4.16 Testing a Poisson mean13.4.17 Testing for correlation13.4.18 Binomial and Poisson tests: mixed practice13.4.19 Type I errors13.4.20 Type II errors and how they link to Type I13.4.21 Exam question: sums of normals, a test for a mean and Type II error13.4.22 Unit review 0 of 100 skills done
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Vectors Vector operations, equations of lines, dot product, kinematics and eigenvalues. AHL 4.1 Column vectors and base vectors i, j, kAHL 4.2 Adding and subtracting vectorsAHL 4.3 Scalar multiplication and parallel vectorsAHL 4.4 Magnitude of a vector and unit vectorsAHL 4.5 Position vectors, displacement vectors and distanceAHL 4.6 Mixed practice: parallel vectors, unit vectors, displacement, distance and parametersAHL 4.7 Collinear points and parallel lines with vectorsAHL 4.8 The vector equation of a lineAHL 4.9 Parametric form, intersecting lines and skew linesAHL 4.10 Mixed practice: lines in 3D, parametric form and intersectionsAHL 4.11 Constant velocity: speed, position and closest approachAHL 4.12 Mixed practice: kinematics with constant velocityAHL 4.13 The scalar product: definition and component formAHL 4.14 The angle between two vectors; perpendicular and parallel vectorsAHL 4.15 The acute angle between two linesAHL 4.16 Shortest distance from a point to a lineAHL 4.17 The vector productAHL 4.18 Parallel vectors, perpendicular vectors and areaAHL 4.19 Components of a vector: along and perpendicularAHL 4.20 Mixed practice: scalar and vector products, lines and distancesAHL 4.21 Kinematics on a line: derivatives and integralsAHL 4.22 Motion on a line: direction changes, distance and speedAHL 4.23 Variable velocity in two dimensionsAHL 4.24 Projectiles and constant accelerationAHL 4.25 Projectiles: launch angle, launch height and clearing a wallAHL 4.26 Circular motionAHL 4.27 An object that starts laterAHL 4.28 Mixed practice: projectiles, circular motion and delayed objectsAHL 4.29 Exam practice: circular motion with changing speedAHL 4.30 Unit review 0 of 160 skills done
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Matrices Matrix arithmetic and multiplication, determinants and inverses, systems of equations, eigenvalues and powers, and matrices as transformations. AHL 5.1 Definition and arithmetic of matricesAHL 5.2 Matrix multiplicationAHL 5.3 DeterminantsAHL 5.4 Inverse matricesAHL 5.5 Systems of equations using the inverse matrixAHL 5.6 Eigenvalues and eigenvectorsAHL 5.7 Diagonalisation and powers of matricesAHL 5.8 Matrices as transformationsAHL 5.9 Composite transformations, area and invariant linesAHL 5.10 Mixed Practice & Exam Prep 0 of 63 skills done
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Complex Numbers Complex number forms, operations, De Moivre's theorem and geometric representations. AHL 6.1 The number i and Cartesian formAHL 6.2 Conjugates, division and equating partsAHL 6.3 The complex plane and the modulusAHL 6.4 Complex roots of quadratic equationsAHL 6.5 Cartesian form: mixed practiceAHL 6.6 Modulus-argument (polar) formAHL 6.7 Products, quotients and powers in cis formAHL 6.8 Exponential formAHL 6.9 Powers and de Moivre's formulaAHL 6.10 Adding sinusoidal functions with complex exponentialsAHL 6.11 Mixed practice: polar and exponential formAHL 6.12 Geometry on the Argand diagramAHL 6.13 Unit review 0 of 66 skills done
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Markov Chains & Transition Matrices Transforming variables, CLT, Poisson distribution and Markov chains. AHL 7.1 States, transition matrices and transition diagramsAHL 7.2 Powers of the transition matrix and initial state vectorsAHL 7.3 Steady state and long-term probabilitiesAHL 7.4 Markov chain problems, absorbing states and eigenvaluesAHL 7.5 Unit review 0 of 36 skills done
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Statistics 2 Advanced hypothesis testing, confidence intervals and error analysis. AHL 8.1 Non-linear regression with the calculatorAHL 8.2 Sum of squared residuals and R²AHL 8.3 Paper 3 modelling: a logistic investigationAHL 8.4 Linear combinations of random variablesAHL 8.5 The sample mean and its standard errorAHL 8.6 Mixed practice: linear combinations and the sample meanAHL 8.7 Linear combinations of independent normal variablesAHL 8.8 The sample mean and the central limit theoremAHL 8.9 Mixed practice: normal combinations, sample means and the central limit theoremAHL 8.10 Unbiased estimates of the mean and variance; validity and reliabilityAHL 8.11 The t-interval for a meanAHL 8.12 z-intervals, t-intervals and choosing between themAHL 8.13 Unit review 0 of 56 skills done
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Differential Equations Separation of variables, Euler's method, slope fields and coupled systems. AHL 9.1 Setting up differential equations and integrating dy/dx = f(x)AHL 9.2 Separation of variables: general and particular solutionsAHL 9.3 Separable equations in context: growth, decay and harder formsAHL 9.4 Slope fields and solution curvesAHL 9.5 Euler's method for dy/dx = f(x, y)AHL 9.6 Euler's method for coupled systemsAHL 9.7 Euler's method: accuracy and contextsAHL 9.8 Solving coupled linear systems exactlyAHL 9.9 Phase portraits for real eigenvaluesAHL 9.10 Complex eigenvalues: foci and centresAHL 9.11 Equilibrium points that are not the originAHL 9.12 Euler's method for a coupled system: graphs and phase portraitsAHL 9.13 Coupled systems and phase portraits: mixed practiceAHL 9.14 Euler's method for second order equationsAHL 9.15 Stability of second order equationsAHL 9.16 Second order equations: exact solutions, error and modelsAHL 9.17 Unit review 0 of 66 skills done